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Wind Turbulence Intensity Characteristics at 10m Above Ground Along the Cotonou Coast, Benin

Received: 14 October 2019     Accepted: 12 November 2019     Published: 25 November 2019
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Abstract

The characteristics of the wind turbulence intensity that are essential to know before installing a wind turbine at a site were investigated along the coast of Cotonou in Benin. The average speed, direction, roughness length, friction velocity, turbulence intensity and relationship between the roughness and wind turbulence intensity were evaluated as well. Using the estimators derived from a simple isotropic Gaussian model of turbulent wind fluctuations, we proposed modified models for estimating the turbulence intensity of wind components. Wind speed and direction data recorded at 10 m above ground level from 2011 to 2014 during the first Compact of the Millennium Challenge Account (MCA) in Benin were utilized. The results obtained indicated that the annual average roughness length is evaluated at 1.25×10-4 m, and the annual mean friction velocity is equal to 0.41 m.s-1. Peak values of the turbulence intensity vary from 0.3 to 0.6 except during the months of January, April, July, August and September. The high values obtained could jeopardize the production of wind energy during these months. The correlation between the turbulence intensity and roughness length ranging from 0.75 in January to 0.94 in August revealed that these two parameters are linked by an increasing linear function. Finally, modified formulations of the longitudinal and transversal wind turbulence intensity developed from the van den Hurk and de Bruin model and based on the best-fitting approach were proposed. The error estimators (MAE; RMSE) computed to validate these modified models vary respectively from (0.0099; 0.0141) to (0.0614; 0.0890).

Published in International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy (Volume 8, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijrse.20190804.11
Page(s) 65-80
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Turbulence Intensity, Surface Roughness Length, Friction Velocity, Modified Estimators

References
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    Hagninou Elagnon Venance Donnou, Aristide Barthélémy Akpo, Julien Djossou, Basile Bruno Kounouhewa. (2019). Wind Turbulence Intensity Characteristics at 10m Above Ground Along the Cotonou Coast, Benin. International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy, 8(4), 65-80. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.20190804.11

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    Hagninou Elagnon Venance Donnou; Aristide Barthélémy Akpo; Julien Djossou; Basile Bruno Kounouhewa. Wind Turbulence Intensity Characteristics at 10m Above Ground Along the Cotonou Coast, Benin. Int. J. Sustain. Green Energy 2019, 8(4), 65-80. doi: 10.11648/j.ijrse.20190804.11

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    AMA Style

    Hagninou Elagnon Venance Donnou, Aristide Barthélémy Akpo, Julien Djossou, Basile Bruno Kounouhewa. Wind Turbulence Intensity Characteristics at 10m Above Ground Along the Cotonou Coast, Benin. Int J Sustain Green Energy. 2019;8(4):65-80. doi: 10.11648/j.ijrse.20190804.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijrse.20190804.11,
      author = {Hagninou Elagnon Venance Donnou and Aristide Barthélémy Akpo and Julien Djossou and Basile Bruno Kounouhewa},
      title = {Wind Turbulence Intensity Characteristics at 10m Above Ground Along the Cotonou Coast, Benin},
      journal = {International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy},
      volume = {8},
      number = {4},
      pages = {65-80},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijrse.20190804.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.20190804.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijrse.20190804.11},
      abstract = {The characteristics of the wind turbulence intensity that are essential to know before installing a wind turbine at a site were investigated along the coast of Cotonou in Benin. The average speed, direction, roughness length, friction velocity, turbulence intensity and relationship between the roughness and wind turbulence intensity were evaluated as well. Using the estimators derived from a simple isotropic Gaussian model of turbulent wind fluctuations, we proposed modified models for estimating the turbulence intensity of wind components. Wind speed and direction data recorded at 10 m above ground level from 2011 to 2014 during the first Compact of the Millennium Challenge Account (MCA) in Benin were utilized. The results obtained indicated that the annual average roughness length is evaluated at 1.25×10-4 m, and the annual mean friction velocity is equal to 0.41 m.s-1. Peak values of the turbulence intensity vary from 0.3 to 0.6 except during the months of January, April, July, August and September. The high values obtained could jeopardize the production of wind energy during these months. The correlation between the turbulence intensity and roughness length ranging from 0.75 in January to 0.94 in August revealed that these two parameters are linked by an increasing linear function. Finally, modified formulations of the longitudinal and transversal wind turbulence intensity developed from the van den Hurk and de Bruin model and based on the best-fitting approach were proposed. The error estimators (MAE; RMSE) computed to validate these modified models vary respectively from (0.0099; 0.0141) to (0.0614; 0.0890).},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Wind Turbulence Intensity Characteristics at 10m Above Ground Along the Cotonou Coast, Benin
    AU  - Hagninou Elagnon Venance Donnou
    AU  - Aristide Barthélémy Akpo
    AU  - Julien Djossou
    AU  - Basile Bruno Kounouhewa
    Y1  - 2019/11/25
    PY  - 2019
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.20190804.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijrse.20190804.11
    T2  - International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy
    JF  - International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy
    JO  - International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy
    SP  - 65
    EP  - 80
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2575-1549
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.20190804.11
    AB  - The characteristics of the wind turbulence intensity that are essential to know before installing a wind turbine at a site were investigated along the coast of Cotonou in Benin. The average speed, direction, roughness length, friction velocity, turbulence intensity and relationship between the roughness and wind turbulence intensity were evaluated as well. Using the estimators derived from a simple isotropic Gaussian model of turbulent wind fluctuations, we proposed modified models for estimating the turbulence intensity of wind components. Wind speed and direction data recorded at 10 m above ground level from 2011 to 2014 during the first Compact of the Millennium Challenge Account (MCA) in Benin were utilized. The results obtained indicated that the annual average roughness length is evaluated at 1.25×10-4 m, and the annual mean friction velocity is equal to 0.41 m.s-1. Peak values of the turbulence intensity vary from 0.3 to 0.6 except during the months of January, April, July, August and September. The high values obtained could jeopardize the production of wind energy during these months. The correlation between the turbulence intensity and roughness length ranging from 0.75 in January to 0.94 in August revealed that these two parameters are linked by an increasing linear function. Finally, modified formulations of the longitudinal and transversal wind turbulence intensity developed from the van den Hurk and de Bruin model and based on the best-fitting approach were proposed. The error estimators (MAE; RMSE) computed to validate these modified models vary respectively from (0.0099; 0.0141) to (0.0614; 0.0890).
    VL  - 8
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Laboratory of Radiation Physics, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin

  • Laboratory of Radiation Physics, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin

  • Laboratory of Radiation Physics, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin

  • Laboratory of Radiation Physics, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin

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