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Drying Kinetics of Tomato, Okra, Potato and Mango in a Forced-Convective Solar Tunnel Dryer

Received: 23 May 2019     Accepted: 26 June 2019     Published: 8 July 2019
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Abstract

The design of a solar drier requires detailed information about drying kinetics of the products to be dried. The objective of our work is to characterize drying kinetics of tomato, okra, potato and mango and calculate the main drying parameters namely the drying rate, the moisture ratio and the effective diffusivity from the derivative form of the Fick’s second law of diffusion. We found that solar drying of tomato, okra, potato and mango occur in both constant and falling-rate phases. Sound experimental conditions and specifically continuous measurements and data collection during experiments, emerged as a major factor allowing the observation of both a constant-rate and falling-rate phases. Two models namely the Henderson & Pabis Model and the Page Model were used to characterize the evolution of moisture ratios (MR) over time. For each of the abovementioned crops, the Page Model appeared to give a better description of MR = f(t) with χ2 varying from 0.0051 to 0.0978. As per the Effective Moisture Diffusivity, its values were 8.866×10-09, 4.651×10-09, 4.969×10-09 and 5.177×10-09 for mango, tomato, potato and okra respectively. Calculated drying constants were compared with the ones obtained by other authors in similar experimental conditions. The experimental dryer we used was a forced convective solar tunnel dryer. All experimentations were conducted in Niamey (Niger) from 7 to 9 June 2018, 3 to 4 Mars 2019, 24 to 26 April 2018 and 1 to 3 May 2018 for mango, tomato, potato and okra respectively.

Published in International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy (Volume 8, Issue 2)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijrse.20190802.12
Page(s) 34-44
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Solar Dryer, Mango, Okra, Tomato, Potato, Drying Kinetics, Niger

References
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    Moussa Na Abou Mamouda, Madougou Saïdou, Boukar Makinta. (2019). Drying Kinetics of Tomato, Okra, Potato and Mango in a Forced-Convective Solar Tunnel Dryer. International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy, 8(2), 34-44. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.20190802.12

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    ACS Style

    Moussa Na Abou Mamouda; Madougou Saïdou; Boukar Makinta. Drying Kinetics of Tomato, Okra, Potato and Mango in a Forced-Convective Solar Tunnel Dryer. Int. J. Sustain. Green Energy 2019, 8(2), 34-44. doi: 10.11648/j.ijrse.20190802.12

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    AMA Style

    Moussa Na Abou Mamouda, Madougou Saïdou, Boukar Makinta. Drying Kinetics of Tomato, Okra, Potato and Mango in a Forced-Convective Solar Tunnel Dryer. Int J Sustain Green Energy. 2019;8(2):34-44. doi: 10.11648/j.ijrse.20190802.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijrse.20190802.12,
      author = {Moussa Na Abou Mamouda and Madougou Saïdou and Boukar Makinta},
      title = {Drying Kinetics of Tomato, Okra, Potato and Mango in a Forced-Convective Solar Tunnel Dryer},
      journal = {International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy},
      volume = {8},
      number = {2},
      pages = {34-44},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijrse.20190802.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.20190802.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijrse.20190802.12},
      abstract = {The design of a solar drier requires detailed information about drying kinetics of the products to be dried. The objective of our work is to characterize drying kinetics of tomato, okra, potato and mango and calculate the main drying parameters namely the drying rate, the moisture ratio and the effective diffusivity from the derivative form of the Fick’s second law of diffusion. We found that solar drying of tomato, okra, potato and mango occur in both constant and falling-rate phases. Sound experimental conditions and specifically continuous measurements and data collection during experiments, emerged as a major factor allowing the observation of both a constant-rate and falling-rate phases. Two models namely the Henderson & Pabis Model and the Page Model were used to characterize the evolution of moisture ratios (MR) over time. For each of the abovementioned crops, the Page Model appeared to give a better description of MR = f(t) with χ2 varying from 0.0051 to 0.0978. As per the Effective Moisture Diffusivity, its values were 8.866×10-09, 4.651×10-09, 4.969×10-09 and 5.177×10-09 for mango, tomato, potato and okra respectively. Calculated drying constants were compared with the ones obtained by other authors in similar experimental conditions. The experimental dryer we used was a forced convective solar tunnel dryer. All experimentations were conducted in Niamey (Niger) from 7 to 9 June 2018, 3 to 4 Mars 2019, 24 to 26 April 2018 and 1 to 3 May 2018 for mango, tomato, potato and okra respectively.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Drying Kinetics of Tomato, Okra, Potato and Mango in a Forced-Convective Solar Tunnel Dryer
    AU  - Moussa Na Abou Mamouda
    AU  - Madougou Saïdou
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    Y1  - 2019/07/08
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    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.20190802.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijrse.20190802.12
    T2  - International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy
    JF  - International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy
    JO  - International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy
    SP  - 34
    EP  - 44
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2575-1549
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.20190802.12
    AB  - The design of a solar drier requires detailed information about drying kinetics of the products to be dried. The objective of our work is to characterize drying kinetics of tomato, okra, potato and mango and calculate the main drying parameters namely the drying rate, the moisture ratio and the effective diffusivity from the derivative form of the Fick’s second law of diffusion. We found that solar drying of tomato, okra, potato and mango occur in both constant and falling-rate phases. Sound experimental conditions and specifically continuous measurements and data collection during experiments, emerged as a major factor allowing the observation of both a constant-rate and falling-rate phases. Two models namely the Henderson & Pabis Model and the Page Model were used to characterize the evolution of moisture ratios (MR) over time. For each of the abovementioned crops, the Page Model appeared to give a better description of MR = f(t) with χ2 varying from 0.0051 to 0.0978. As per the Effective Moisture Diffusivity, its values were 8.866×10-09, 4.651×10-09, 4.969×10-09 and 5.177×10-09 for mango, tomato, potato and okra respectively. Calculated drying constants were compared with the ones obtained by other authors in similar experimental conditions. The experimental dryer we used was a forced convective solar tunnel dryer. All experimentations were conducted in Niamey (Niger) from 7 to 9 June 2018, 3 to 4 Mars 2019, 24 to 26 April 2018 and 1 to 3 May 2018 for mango, tomato, potato and okra respectively.
    VL  - 8
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Author Information
  • Energy-Environment Development (ENDA Energy, Niger), Niamey, Niger

  • Laboratory of Energetics, Electronics, Electro Technics, Automatics and Industrial Computer Sciences, Abdou Moumouni University, Niamey, Niger

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